Sowing & Growing

Chilli peppers can be grown from seed by sowing indoors from late winter to the middle of spring. Take a 10cm (4in) pot filled with high-quality seed compost, level it by pressing down, and sow a few seeds on the surface. To account for potential losses, sow a few extra seeds, as most of them are likely to germinate. Cover the seeds with a fine layer of vermiculite, place a plant label, and water the pot. While seeds germinate rapidly in a heated propagator, if one is unavailable, cover the pot with a clear plastic freezer bag secured tightly with an elastic band.

Once the seeds have germinated, transfer the pot from the propagator to a light windowsill or a bench in a heated greenhouse. When the seedlings reach 2.5cm (1in) in height, prick them out, placing each in its own 10cm (4in) pot. Ensure the roots are well-covered, with leaves just above the compost surface. Water the seedlings and position them in a well-lit indoor spot. In case of a late start or insufficient warm, bright conditions for seedling growth, consider purchasing young plants from garden centers in late spring.

As the plants continue to grow indoors, transplant them into 13cm (5in) pots filled with general-purpose compost once roots appear through the drainage holes. When plants reach around 20cm (8in) in height, or earlier if leaning, stake them with a pea stick. Pinch out the tops of peppers when they reach about 30cm (12in) to promote branching. Plants are ready for outdoor planting in late May or after the last frost. Either plant directly into the ground with 45cm (18in) spacing or transfer them to 22cm (9in) pots for ample growing space. Use fleece or cloches to protect plants, and for taller varieties, provide support with three short sticks and strings. Ensure regular watering, especially in hot weather, and feed every two weeks with a general-purpose liquid fertilizer, starting when flowers appear and continuing until harvest.